Revised Ordinances of Honolulu
(Link to original Word Processing Version)
Article 4. Compliance
Sections:
32-4.1 Purpose.
32-4.2 Scope.
32-4.3 General.
32-4.4 Requirements.
32-4.5 Enforcement--Penalties.
Sec. 32-4.1 Purpose.
The purpose of this article is to prescribe the methods by which compliance
with this code can be demonstrated. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-4.2 Scope.
This article applies to all buildings for which compliance with this code is
required. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-4.3 General.
This code provides different paths by which compliance can be determined.
The prescriptive criteria may be used to determine compliance with the minimum amount
of effort. In addition, the systems performance criteria are available for the lighting
(Article 6) and envelope (Article 8) portions of the code. These criteria should
be used when more innovative design or flexibility is desired.
The building energy cost budget method (Article 13) should be used when the
most innovative design concepts are being considered or when the proposed design meets
the basic requirements but fails to meet either the prescriptive or systems performance
criteria. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-4.4 Requirements.
(a) Basic Requirements. All building designs shall meet the requirements of Sections 32-5.3, 32-6.3,
32-8.3, 32-9.3, 32-10.3, 32-11.3, 32-12.3 and 32-13.3 of this code.
(b) Prescriptive and/or System Performance Criteria. In addition to the basic requirements of subsection
(a), either the requirements of this subsection, the prescriptive and/or system performance criteria,
or of subsection (c), the cost budget method, shall be met.
(1) The lighting design shall meet either the prescriptive criteria of Section 32-6.4 or
the systems performance criteria of Section 32-6.5;
(2) The roof of the building envelope shall meet the prescriptive criteria of Section
32-8.4. Walls may meet either the prescriptive criteria of Section 32-8.4 or the
systems performance criteria of Section 32-8.5;
(3) The heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems design shall meet the prescriptive criteria
of Section 32-9.4; and
(4) The service water heating systems and equipment design shall meet the prescriptive criteria
of Section 32-11.3.
(c) Building Energy Cost Budget Method. The building energy cost budget method (Article 13)
may be used instead of the prescriptive and/or system performance criteria of subsection
(b).
(d) Plans and Specifications. Plans, specifications and necessary computations shall be submitted to indicate
compliance with the code. Plans and specifications for work to comply with this
code shall be prepared, designed, or approved by a Hawaii licensed professional engineer
or architect as required by HRS Chapter 464. The responsible design professional shall
seal or stamp the plans and first page of separate specifications with his/her
seal or stamp, and shall provide thereon a signed statement that to the
best of his/her knowledge and belief the design complies with this chapter.
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-4.5 Enforcement--Penalties.
The enforcement and penalty provisions of Chapter 16, Article 10, shall apply to
this chapter. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Article 5. Electric Power
Sections:
32-5.1 Purpose.
32-5.2 Scope.
32-5.3 Basic requirements.
Sec. 32-5.1 Purpose.
This article describes requirements for check-metering of electrical distribution systems, efficiency of electric
motors, and documentation of electrical distribution systems. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-5.2 Scope.
This article applies to all building electrical systems except required emergency systems. Similar
requirements for other types of energy are given in Articles 10 and 12.
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-5.3 Basic requirements.
(a) Electrical Distribution System. The design of building electrical distribution systems whose connected electric
load is over 250 kVA shall include provisions for check-metering of electrical energy
consumption.
(1) Electrical Power Feeders.
(A) The electrical power feeders for each facility for which provision for check-metering is
required shall be subdivided in accordance with the following categories:
(i) Lighting and receptacle outlets;
(ii) HVAC systems and equipment;
(iii) SWH, elevators, and special-occupant equipment or systems of more than 20 kW such
as computer rooms, kitchens, printing equipment, and baling presses.
(B) Exception. Ten percent or less of the loads on a feeder may be
from another usage category.
(2) In multiple-tenant buildings, provision to permit check-metering of the tenant load shall be
provided for those tenants having a connected load of 100 kVA or more.
HVAC or SWH systems shared by tenants in common need not meet this
tenant check-metering requirement but shall be separately metered as required.
(3) The feeders for each category in subdivision (1) shall contain provisions for portable
or permanent check-metering.
(4) The minimum acceptable arrangement for compliance with subsection (a) shall provide a safe
method for access by qualified persons to the enclosures through which feeder conductors
pass, and shall provide sufficient space to attach clamp-on or split-core current transformers.
These enclosures may be separate compartments or combined spaces with electrical cabinets serving
another function. Dedicated enclosures so furnished shall be identified as to measuring function
available. A preferred arrangement would include kWh meters and demand registers (conforming to
ANSI C12.1 for mechanical type and ANSI C12.166-1991 for electronic type) or a
means to transmit such information to the building energy management control system. These
points of measurement may be centrally located or distributed through the building, as
appropriate.
(b) Electrical Motors.
(1) Design A & B squirrel cage, foot mounted, T-frame induction motors of 1
hp or more having synchronous speeds of 3600, 1800, 1200 and 900 rpm
expected to operate more than 500 hours per year shall have a nominal
full-load motor efficiency no less than that shown in Table 5-1 or shall
be classified under the National Electric Manufacturers Association's Standard as "energy efficient" (NEMA
Standards Publication No. MG 1-1993, Motors and Generators, National Electrical Manufacturers Association, Washington,
D. C. 20037). Other motor types are exempted from the efficiency requirements of
this standard.
(2) Exceptions.
(A) Motors used in systems designed to use more than one speed of a
multi-speed motor; and
(B) Motors used as a component of the equipment meeting the minimum equipment efficiency
requirements of Article 10 provided that the motor input is included when determining
the equipment efficiency.
(c) Operation and Maintenance Information. A manual which provides basic data relating to the
design, operation, and maintenance of the building electrical distribution system shall be provided
to building owners by the installer of the electrical distribution system. The manual
shall include:
(1) A single-line diagram of the "as-built" building electrical distribution system;
(2) Schematic diagrams of electrical control systems (other than HVAC, which are covered in
Article 9 elsewhere); and
(3) Manufacturer's operational and maintenance information for electrical equipment.
(d) Energy Conservation in Electrical Distribution Systems.
Power Factor. The power factor of the overall electrical distribution system in a
building shall be not less than 90 percent under rated design installed load
of the building, either by utilizing equipment design or by the use of
power factor corrective devices. The corrective methods shall be based upon an engineering
evaluation of each distribution system.
(e) Distribution Transformers.
(1) Low-voltage dry-type distribution transformers shall meet the minimum efficiency requirements listed in Table
5-2. These transformers are air-cooled units with input voltage of 600 volts or
less that typically convert a source voltage of 480/277 volts to an output
of 208/120 volts.
(2) Transformers exempted from the efficiency requirements of this subsection include any of the
following:
(A) Transformers with rated output capacity less than 15 kVA;
(B) Drive transformers;
(C) Rectifier and converter transformers;
(D) Autotransformers;
(E) Sealed and nonventilated transformers;
(F) Welding transformers;
(G) Transformers with tap ranges greater than 10%;
(H) Testing transformers;
(I) Furnace transformers; and
(J) Instrument transformers.
(Added by Ord. 94-75; Am. Ord. 01-47)
Table 5-1
Minimum Acceptable Nominal Full-Load Motor Efficiency
For Single Speed Polyphase Motors
HP 500 - More than 1000 hrs/yr
1000 hrs/yr
3600 rpm 1800 rpm 1200 rpm 900 rpm
(all types) (2 pole) (4 pole) (6 pole) (8 pole)
1 75.5 75.5 82.5 80.0 74.0
1.5-4 78.5 82.5 84.0 84.0 77.0
5-9 84.0 85.5 87.5 87.5 85.5
10-19 85.5 88.5 89.5 89.5 88.5
20-49 88.5 90.2 91.0 90.2 89.5
50-99 90.2 92.4 93.0 93.0 91.7
100-124 91.7 93.0 94.1 94.1 93.0
125 or greater 92.4 93.6 94.5 94.1 93.6
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Table 5-2
Standards for Distribution Transformers
Single Phase
|
Three Phase
|
Rated Power
Output kVA
|
Minimum
Efficiency %
|
Rated Power
Output kVA
|
Minimum
Efficiency %
|
(Added by Ord. 01-47)
Article 6. Lighting
Sections:
32-6.1 Purpose.
32-6.2 Scope.
32-6.3 Basic requirements.
32-6.4 Prescriptive criteria.
32-6.5 System performance criteria.
Sec. 32-6.1 Purpose.
Article 6 sets power limits, control requirements and lamp efficiency requirements for electric
lighting. (Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-6.2 Scope.
(a) The rooms, spaces and areas covered by the lighting requirements in Article 6
include:
(1) Interior spaces of buildings;
(2) Building exteriors and exterior areas such as entrances, exits, loading docks; and
(3) Roads, grounds, parking, and other exterior areas where lighting is required and is
energized through the building electrical service.
(b) Exceptions. Rooms, spaces, areas, and lighting equipment exempt from the lighting requirements in
Article 6 include:
(1) Lighting for dwelling units other than hotels and motels;
(2) Outdoor activities such as manufacturing, commercial greenhouses, and processing facilities;
(3) Lighting power for theatrical productions, television broadcasting, audio-visual presentations, and those portions of
entertainment facilities such as stage areas in hotel ballrooms, nightclubs, discos, and casinos,
where lighting is an essential technical element for the function performed;
(4) Specialized luminaires for medical and dental purposes;
(5) Outdoor athletic facilities;
(6) Display lighting required for art exhibits or displays in galleries, museums and monuments;
(7) Exterior lighting for public monuments;
(8) Special lighting needs for research;
(9) Lighting to be used solely for indoor plant growth during the hours of
10:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m.;
(10) Emergency lighting that is automatically OFF during normal building operation;
(11) High risk security areas identified by local ordinances or regulations or by security
or safety officials as requiring additional lighting;
(12) Spaces specifically designed primarily for use by the visually impaired or hard of
hearing (lip reading) and by senior citizens;
(13) Lighting for signs; and
(14) Store-front, exterior-enclosed display windows in retail facilities.
(c) The lighting requirements in this article shall apply to new lighting systems installed
in existing buildings when such lighting systems are for an entire floor or
an otherwise definable area larger than 1,000 ft2.
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-6.3 Basic requirements.
This section establishes the maximum power allowance and control requirements for interior and
exterior illumination systems for new lighting systems.
(a) Lighting Power Allowance. A building or facility total lighting allowance consists of the
exterior lighting power allowance (ELPA), and the interior lighting power allowance (ILPA).
ELPA shall be calculated using the exterior lighting unit power allowances in Table
6-1. ILPA shall be calculated in accordance with the prescriptive criteria in Section
32-6.4 or the system performance criteria in Section 32-6.5.
(1) Compliance. A building shall be considered in compliance with subsection (a) if the
following conditions are met:
(A) The exterior lighting power to be installed is not greater than the ELPA,
based on Table 6-1; and
(B) The interior lighting power to be installed is not greater than the ILPA,
based on either the prescriptive criteria in Section 32-6.4 or the system performance
criteria in Section 32-6.5.
(2) Tradeoffs between ILPA and ELPA are not allowed. Tradeoffs of the interior lighting
power budgets (LPB) among interior spaces (see Section 32-6.5) are allowed as long
as the CLP of interior lighting does not exceed the ILPA. Tradeoffs of
the exterior lighting power budgets among exterior areas are allowed as long as
the CLP of exterior lighting does not exceed the ELPA.
(3) When determining lighting power compliance, the amount of power required for lights automatically
controlled using functions such as daylight sensing control, occupancy sensor, lumen maintenance control,
and programmable timing control may be reduced by a power adjustment factor (PAF)
determined in accordance with subsection (c).
(4) Compliance for a Multi-building Facility. The total lighting power allowance for each building
in a multi-building facility shall be calculated separately. Tradeoffs among the buildings shall
be restricted as follows:
(A) Tradeoffs of ELPA are allowed;
(B) Tradeoffs of ILPA are not allowed; and
(C) Tradeoffs between ILPA and ELPA are not allowed.
(5) Luminaire Wattage. Luminaire wattage incorporated into the installed interior lighting power shall be
determined in accordance with the following criteria:
(A) The wattage of incandescent or tungsten-halogen luminaires with medium screw base sockets and
not containing permanently installed ballasts shall be the maximum labeled wattage of the
luminaire.
(B) The wattage of luminaires with permanently installed or remotely installed ballasts shall be
the operating input wattage of the specified lamp/ballast combination based on values from
manufacturers catalogs or values from independent testing lab reports.
(C) The wattage of line-voltage lighting track and plug-in busway that allow the addition
and/or relocation of luminaires without altering the wiring of the system shall be
the specified wattage of the luminaires included in the system with a minimum
of 30 W/lin ft (98 W/lin m).
(D) The wattage of low-voltage lighting track, cable conductor, rail conductor, and other flexible
lighting systems that allow the addition and/or relocation of luminaires without altering the
wiring of the system shall be the specified wattage of the transformer supplying
the system.
(E) The wattage of all other miscellaneous lighting equipment shall be the specified wattage
of the lighting equipment.
(6) Exterior Building Grounds Lighting. All exterior building grounds luminaires which operate at greater
than 100 watts shall contain lamps having a minimum efficacy of 60 lm/W
unless the luminaire is controlled by a motion sensor or the application is
otherwise exempted from this code.
Table 6-1
Exterior Lighting Unit Power Allowances
Area Description Allowance
Exit (with or without canopy) 20 W/Lin. ft of door opening
Entrance (without canopy) 30 W/Lin. ft of door opening
Entrance (with canopy)
High Traffic (retail, hotel, airport, 10 W/ft2 of canopied area
theater, etc.
Light Traffic (hospital, office, 4 W/ft2 of canopied area
school, etc.)
Loading area 0.40 W/ft2
Loading door 20 W/Lin. ft of door opening
Building exterior surfaces/facades 0.25 W/ft2 of surface to be illuminated
Storage and nonmanufacturing work areas 0.20 W/ft2
Other activity areas for casual use,
such as picnic grounds, gardens, parks,
and other landscaped areas 0.10 W/ft2
Private driveways and walkways 0.10 W/ft2
Public driveways and walkways 0.15 W/ft2
Private parking lots 0.12 W/ft2
Public parking lots 0.10 W/ft2
Outdoor retail (auto sales, etc.) 0.40 W/ft2
Service station, under canopy 0.60 W/ft2
(b) Lighting Controls. All lighting systems except those required for emergency or exit lighting
shall be provided with manual, automatic or programmable controls.
(1) Controls for Enclosed Spaces.
(A) Each space enclosed by walls or ceiling-height partitions shall be provided controls which,
together or singly, are capable of turning off all lights within that space.
(B) Exception. Continuous lighting required for security purposes shall be exempted from this requirement.
(2) Minimum Number of Lighting Control Points. Each space enclosed by walls or ceiling-height
partitions shall be provided with a minimum of one ON-OFF lighting control and
in addition one control point for each task location or one control point
for each group of task locations within an area of 450 ft2 or
less.
(3) Minimum Number of Lighting Controls. Once the number of control points has been
determined in accordance with subdivision (2), the minimum number controls required shall be
determined using Table 6-2 which lists the types of lighting controls and the
equivalent number of control points they represent. However, the minimum number of controls
required shall not be less than one for each 1500 W of connected
lighting power (CLP).
Table 6-2
Control Types and Equivalent Control Points
Equivalent Number
Type of Control of Control Points
Manually operated on/off switch 1
Occupancy sensor 2
Timer - Programmable from the space being controlled 2
Three level, including off, step control or preset dimming 2
Four level, including off, step control or preset dimming 3
Automatic or continuous dimming 3
(4) Controls provided for task areas, if readily accessible, may be mounted as part
of the task lighting luminaire.
(5) Controls controlling the same load from more than one location shall not be
credited as increasing the number of controls to meet the requirements of subdivision
(3).
(6) Exceptions to (1) Through (5).
(A) Lighting control requirements for spaces which must be used as a whole may
be controlled by fewer controls, but not fewer than three control points. Examples
of such spaces include public lobbies of office buildings, hotels, and hospitals; retail
and department stores; warehouses; and storerooms and service corridors under centralized supervision. Lighting
in such spaces shall be controlled in accordance with the work activities; and
(B) The required number of lighting control points may be reduced by lowering the
allowable lighting power by 70 watts for each control point reduction.
(7) Control Accessibility.
(A) All lighting controls shall be located so as to be readily accessible to
personnel occupying or using the space.
(B) Exceptions. The following lighting controls may be centralized in remote locations:
(i) Lighting controls for spaces which must be used as a whole;
(ii) Automatic controls;
(iii) Programmable controls;
(iv) Controls requiring trained operators; and
(v) Controls for safety hazards and security.
(8) Hotel and motel guest rooms, excluding bathrooms, shall have one or more master
switches at the main entry door that turn off all permanently wired lighting
fixtures and switched receptacles. For multiple-room hotel suites, switches at the entry of
each room, in lieu of the switch at the main door, will be
acceptable to meet these requirements.
(9) Exterior lighting not intended for 24-hour continuous use shall be automatically switched by
timer, photocell or a combination of timer and photocell. Timers shall be of
the automatic type or otherwise capable of adjustment for seven days and for
seasonal daylight schedule variations. All time-switches shall be equipped with backup provisions to
keep time during power outage of at least four hours.
(10) All luminaires located so that more than half their light output is directed
into daylighted zones beneath skylights shall either be controlled by daylight sensing controls
or be switched independently of luminaires in nondaylighted zones.
(c) Lighting Power Control Credits.
(1) Lighting Power Control Credit (LPCC). When determining compliance of the actual design with
the lighting power allowance established by either Section 32-6.4 or 32-6.5, the connected
lighting power (CLP) for lights automatically controlled by occupancy sensing, daylight sensing control,
lumen maintenance control, or programmable timing control, may be reduced by subtracting control
credits on a specific area-by-area basis. This credit is termed the lighting power
control credit (LPCC) and shall be determined in accordance with Equation 6-1:
Equation 6-1
LPCC = CLP x PAF
where:
LPCC = Lighting power control credit [W]
CLP = Connected lighting power for the luminaires controlled by the automatic control device
[W]
PAF = Power Adjustment Factor
The adjusted lighting power (ALP) is then equal to CLP x LPCC.
(2) Power Adjustment Factor (PAF). When used, the power adjustment factor shall be applied
as specified in Table 6-3 and shall meet the following criteria:
(A) The power adjustment factor shall be limited to the specific area controlled by
the automatic control device;
(B) Only one power adjustment factor may be used for each building space or
luminaire, and 50 percent or more of the controlled luminaire shall be within
the applicable space to qualify for the PAF;
(C) Controls shall be installed in series with the lights and in series with
all manual switching devices in order to qualify for the PAF;
(D) When sufficient daylight is available, daylight sensing controls shall be capable of reducing
electrical power consumption for lighting, continuously or in steps, to 50 percent or
less of maximum power consumption;
(E) Daylight sensing controls shall control all luminaires to which the power adjustment factor
is applied and that direct a minimum of 50 percent of their light
output into the daylight zone;
(F) Programmable timing controls used for credit in conjunction with Table 6-3 shall be
capable of:
(i) Programming different schedules for occupied and nonoccupied days;
(ii) Ready accessibility for temporary override by occupants of individual zones; and
(iii) Keeping time during power outages for a minimum of four hours.
Table 6-3
Power Adjustment Factor (PAF)
Automatic Control Device(s) PAF
(1) Daylight Sensing controls (DS), continuous dimming 0.30
(2) DS, multiple step dimming 0.20
(3) DS, ON/OFF 0.10
(4) DS continuous dimming and programmable timing 0.35
(5) DS multiple step dimming and programmable timing 0.25
(6) DS ON/OFF and programmable timing 0.15
(7) DS continuous dimming, programmable timing and
lumen maintenance 0.40
(8) DS multiple step dimming, programmable timing and
lumen maintenance 0.30
(9) DS ON/OFF, programmable timing and lumen maintenance 0.20
(10) Lumen maintenance 0.10
(11) Lumen maintenance and programmable timing control 0.15
(12) Programmable timing control 0.15
(13) Occupancy sensor (storage) 0.30
(14) Occupancy sensor (other spaces) 0.30
(15) Occupancy sensor and DS, continuous dimming 0.40
(16) Occupancy sensor and DS, multiple step dimming 0.35
(17) Occupancy sensor and DS, ON/OFF 0.35
(18) Occupancy sensor, DS continuous dimming and
lumen maintenance 0.45
(19) Occupancy sensor, DS multiple step dimming and
lumen maintenance 0.40
(20) Occupancy sensor, DS ON/OFF and lumen maintenance 0.35
(21) Occupancy sensor and lumen maintenance 0.35
(22) Occupancy sensor and programmable timing control 0.35
(d) Fluorescent Lamp Ballasts.
(1) Fluorescent lamp ballasts which have all of the following characteristics shall meet or
exceed the minimum ballast efficacy factor (BEF) as shown in Table 6-4:
(A) Operate at nominal input voltages of 120 or 277 volts;
(B) Input frequency of 60 Hz;
(C) Maximum lamp operating current less than 1,000 milliamperes;
(D) Used to operate one of the following lamp types:
(i) One or two 4-ft, nominal 40W, rapid start lamps;
(ii) Two 8-ft, nominal 75W, slimline lamps;
(iii) Two 8-ft, nominal 110W, high-output rapid-start lamps;
(E) Not specifically designed for starting at temperatures below 40 degrees Fahrenheit; and
(F) Not specifically designed for use with dimming controls.
Table 6-4
Fluorescent Ballast Efficacy Factor (BEF)
Minimum Ballast
Ballast Characteristics Efficacy Factor
One lamp, 4 ft, nominal 40W, rapid start 1.805
Two lamp, 4 ft, nominal 40W, rapid start, 120V 1.060
Two lamp, 4 ft, nominal 40W, rapid start, 277V 1.050
Two lamp, 8 ft, nominal 75W, slimline 0.570
Two lamp, 8 ft, nominal 110W, high output, rapid start 0.390
(2) The ballast efficacy factor (BEF) shall be calculated in accordance with Equation 6-2:
Equation 6-2
BEF = BF / Power Input
where:
BEF = Ballast Efficacy Factor
BF = Ballast Factor, expressed as a percent, such as 95
Power Input= Total wattage of combined lamps and ballasts [W]
(3) Tests for ballast factor and power input shall be in accordance with ANSI
Standard C82.2-1984, Method of Measurement for Fluorescent Lamps Ballasts, using "Standard" F40T12 40W,
F96T12 75W or F96T12HO 110W lamps.
(4) Ballasts that do not have all of the characteristics listed in subdivision (1)
are not required to meet the ballast efficacy factors in Table 6-4 and
may be used as required.
(5) Tandem Wiring.
(A) One-lamp or three-lamp fluorescent luminaires that are recess-mounted within 10 feet center-to-center of
each other, or pendant-mounted or surface- mounted within 1 foot of each other,
and within the same room, shall be tandem-wired to eliminate unnecessary use of
single-lamp ballasts.
(B) Exception. Three-lamp ballasts may be used.
(6) Power Factor.
(A) Ballasts shall have a power factor of 90 percent or greater.
(B) Exceptions.
(i) Ballasts for circline and compact fluorescent lamps and for low-wattage high-intensity discharge lamps
of 100 watts or less.
(ii) Dimming ballasts.
(e) Illuminated Exit Signs. The input power of illuminated exit signs shall be no
greater than 5 watts per face.
(Added by Ord. 94-75; Am. Ord. 01-47)
Sec. 32-6.4 Prescriptive criteria.
These prescriptive criteria shall be used in addition to the basic requirements specified
in Section 32-6.3. The system performance criteria listed in Section 32-6.5 may be
used instead of Section 32-6.4.
(a) Purpose. Section 32-6.4 provides a prescriptive procedure for determining the interior lighting power
allowance (ILPA) for illumination systems installed in new buildings.
(b) General. This method for compliance prescribes a maximum allowable unit lighting power allowance
(ULPA) for interior lighting by building type as listed in Table 6-5.
(c) Interior Lighting Power Allowance Calculations.
(1) ILPA calculations shall be based on the primary occupancy for which the building
is intended. The total CLP in a building, including both permanently installed lighting
plus supplemental or task-related lighting provided by movable or plug-in luminaires, shall not
exceed the value of the ULPA in Table 6-5 for the specified building
space use multiplied by the gross lighted area (GLA) provided for that use:
Equation 6-3
ILPA = (ULPA x GLA) - (70 x CPR)
where:
ILPA = interior lighting power allowance [W]
ULPA =unit lighting power allowance [W/ft2]
GLA = gross lighted area [ft2]
CPR = control points reduced per Exception in Section 32-6.3(b)(6)(B).
(2) Exception. If 10 percent or more of the gross lighted area of the
building is intended for multiple space activities, such as parking, storage and retail
space in an office building, then the lighting power for each type of
space use shall be calculated based on the ULPA shown in the column
under the gross lighted area of the total building (see Table 6-5) and
shall be summed to obtain the ILPA.
Table 6-5
Prescriptive Unit Lighting Power Allowance (ULPA), [W/ft 2 ]
Building Type 0 2,001 10,001 25,001 50,001 More
or Space to to to to to than
Activity 2,000 10,000 25,000 50,000 250,000 250,000
Year ft 2 ft 2 ft 2 ft 2 ft 2 ft 2
Food Service
Fast Food, Cafeteria 1991 1.50 1.38 1.34 1.32 1.31 1.30
1993 0.92 0.85 0.82 0.81 0.81 0.80
Leisure Dining, Bar 1991 2.20 1.91 1.72 1.65 1.57 1.50
1993 1.60 1.56 1.52 1.48 1.44 1.40
Offices 1991 1.90 1.81 1.72 1.65 1.57 1.50
1993 1.40 1.34 1.27 1.22 1.16 1.11
Retaila 1991 3.30 3.08 2.83 2.50 2.28 2.10
1993 2.70 2.52 2.32 2.05 1.87 1.72
Mall Concourse
Multi-store service 1991 1.60 1.58 1.52 1.46 1.43 1.40
1993 0.69 0.68 0.65 0.63 0.61 0.60
Service Establishment 1991 2.70 2.37 2.08 1.92 1.80 1.70
1993 2.81 2.03 1.78 1.65 1.54 1.46
Garages 1991 0.30 0.28 0.24 0.22 0.21 0.20
1993 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.22 0.21 0.20
Schools
Preschool, elementary 1991 1.80 1.80 1.72 1.65 1.57 1.50
1993 1.33 1.33 1.27 1.22 1.16 1.11
Jr. High, High School 1991 1.90 1.90 1.88 1.83 1.76 1.70
1993 1.40 1.40 1.39 1.35 1.30 1.26
Technical, Vocational 1991 2.40 2.33 2.17 2.01 1.84 1.70
1993 1.77 1.72 1.60 1.49 1.36 1.26
Warehouse, Storage 1991 0.80 0.66 0.56 0.48 0.43 0.40
1993 0.60 0.50 0.42 0.36 0.32 0.30
Notes
a. Includes general, merchandising and display lighting.
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Sec. 32-6.5 System performance criteria.
These lighting system performance criteria shall be used in addition to the basic
requirements specified in Section 32-6.3. The prescriptive criteria listed in Section 32-6.4 may
be used instead of Section 32-6.5.
(a) Purpose. Section 32-6.5 provides a system performance procedure for determining the interior lighting
power allowance (ILPA) for each space within the building.
(b) General. The procedure used in Section 32-6.5 is known as the unit power
density (UPD) procedure for establishing the interior lighting power allowance for building interiors,
based on the type of activity in each area. The interior lighting power
allowance shall include both permanently mounted lighting and supplemental or task-related lighting provided
by movable or plug-in luminaires.
(c) More Than 20 Percent Undefined. When more than 20 percent of the tasks
or interior configurations are undefined, then the lowest value of ULPA in Table
6-5 of the prescriptive criteria, for the appropriate building type, shall be used
until such time as the space use can be defined. The ULPA shall
be used instead of the UPD in the input calculations. In such cases,
the area factor shall be assumed to be 1.0. The ULPA shall be
substituted in only those areas where the tasks or configurations are undefined.
(d) Procedure. The lighting power budget (LPB) of each interior space shall be determined
in accordance with Equation 6-4.
Equation 6-4
LPB = (Ar x UPDb x AF) - (70 x CPR)
where:
LPB = Lighting Power Budget of the space [W]
Ar = Area of the room or space [ft2]. The area shall be calculated
from the inside dimensions of the room.
UPD = Unit Power Density [W/ft2]. The UPD shall be selected from Table 6-6.
For applications to areas or activities other than those given, select values for
similar areas or activities.
AF = Area Factor of the space. The Area Factor (AF) shall be determined
from Figure 6-1 or from Equation 6-5, based on the room area and
ceiling height. Rooms of identical ceiling height and activities may be evaluated as
a group. The AF of a group of rooms shall be determined from
the average area of these rooms.
CPR = Control Points Reduced per Exception in Section 32-6.3(b)(6)(B).
Equation 6-5 gives the formula used in developing Fig. 6-1.
Equation 6-5
AF = 0.2 + 0.8 (1/0.9n)
where:
n = {10.21(CH - 2.5)/Ar1/2} - 1
AF = Area Factor
CH = Ceiling Height [ft]
Ar = Room Area [ft2]
If AF < 1.0, then AF = 1.0
If AF > 1.8, then AF = 1.8
(e) Special Spaces and Activities.
(1) Multi-Function Rooms. For rooms serving multiple functions, such as hotel banquet and meeting
rooms and office conference and presentation rooms, the UPD may be increased by
50 percent over the appropriate value in Table 6-6 if a supplementary system
is actually installed and meets the following conditions.
(A) The installed power for the supplementary system shall not be greater than 33
percent of the adjusted LPB (calculated with the increased UPD) for that space;
and
(B) Independent controls shall be installed for the supplementary system.
(2) Simultaneous Activities. In rooms containing multiple simultaneous activities, such as a large general
office containing separate accounting and drafting areas within the same room, the LPB
for the rooms shall be the weighted average of the activities in proportion
to the areas being served.
(3) Indoor Sports. The area of indoor sports activities shall be considered as an
area 10 feet beyond the playing boundaries of the sport, not to exceed
the total floor area of the indoor sports space less the spectator seating
area.
(f) Interior Lighting Power Calculations. The system performance interior lighting power allowance (ILPA) shall
be calculated in accordance with Equation 6-6. The ILPA shall include a 0.20
W/ft2 allowance for unlisted spaces.
Equation 6-6
ILPA = (LPB1 + LPB2 + . . . + LPBn) +
0.20 W/ft2 x (Unlisted Space Area)
where:
ILPA = Interior Lighting Power Allowance [W/ft2]
Unlisted Space Area = (GLA - Total Area of Listed Spaces) [ft2]
GLA = Gross Lighted Area [ft2]
LPB = Lighting Power Budget [W]
n = The number of spaces for which LPBs have been calculated
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Table 6-6a
System Performance Unit Lighting Power Allowance (UPD)
Common Activity Areas
UPD UPD 1993
Area/Activity W/ft 2 W/ft 2 Note
Auditorium 1.6 1.4 a
Corridor 0.8 0.8 b
Classroom/Lecture Hall 2.0 1.0
Elec/Mech Equipment Room
General 0.7 0.7 b
Control Rooms 1.5 1.5 b
Food Service
Fast Food/Cafeteria 1.3 0.8
Leisure Dining 2.5 1.4 c
Bar/Lounge 2.5 1.3 c
Kitchen 1.4 1.4
Recreation/Lounge 0.7 0.5
Stair
Active Traffic 0.6 0.6
Emergency Exit 0.4 0.4
Toilet & Washroom 0.8 0.5
Garage
Auto & Pedestrial Circulation 0.3 0.25
Parking Area 0.2 0.2
Laboratory 2.3 2.2
Office Category 1: Enclosed offices, all open plan offices without partitions or with
partitions* lower than 4.5 feet below the ceiling.
Reading, Typing and Filing 1.8 1.3 d
Drafting 2.6 2.2 d
Accounting 2.1 1.8 d
Office Category 2: Open plan offices 900 square feet or larger with partitions*
3.5 to 4.5 feet below the ceiling. Offices less than 900 square feet
shall use Category 1.
Reading, Typing and Filing 1.9 1.5 b
Drafting 2.9 2.6 b
Accounting 2.4 2.1 b
Office Category 3: Open plan offices 900 square feet or larger with partitions*
higher than 3.5 feet below the ceiling. Offices less than 900 square feet
shall use Category 1.
Reading, Typing and Filing 2.2 1.7 b
Drafting 3.4 3.0 b
Accounting 2.7 2.4 b
* Not less than 90 percent of all work stations shall be individually
enclosed with partitions of at least the height described.
Table 6-6a (continued)
System Performance Unit Lighting Power Allowance (UPD)
Common Activity Areas
UPD UPD 1993
Area/Activity W/ft 2 W/ft 2 Note
Library
Audio Visual 1.1 1.1 a
Stack Area 1.5 1.5
Card File & Cataloging 1.6 0.8
Reading Area 1.9 1.0
Lobby (General)
Reception & Waiting 1.0 0.55
Elevator Lobbies 0.8 0.4
Atrium (Multi-Story)
First 3 Floors 0.7 0.4
Each Additional Floor 0.2 0.15
Common Activity Areas
Conference/Meeting Room 1.8 1.3 a
Computer/Office Equipment 2.1 2.1
Filing, Inactive 1.0 1.0
Mail Room 1.8 1.8
Locker Room & Shower 0.8 0.6
Shop (Non-Industrial)
Machinery 2.5 2.5
Electrical/Electronic 2.5 2.5
Painting 1.6 1.6
Carpentry 2.3 2.3
Welding 1.2 1.2
Storage & Warehouse
Inactive Storage 0.3 0.2
Active Storage, Bulky 0.3 0.3
Active Storage, Fine 1.0 0.9
Material Handling 1.0 1.0
Unlisted Space 0.2 0.2
Table 6-6b
System Performance Unit Lighting Power Allowance (UPD)
Specific Buildings
UPD UPD 1993
Area/Activity W/ft 2 W/ft 2 Note
Airport, Bus and Rail Station
Baggage Area 1.0 0.75
Concourse/Main Thruway 0.9 0.45
Ticket Counter 2.5 1.3
Waiting & Lounge Area 1.2 0.6
Bank
Customer Area 1.1 0.8
Banking Activity Area 2.8 2.2
Barber & Beauty Parlor 2.0 1.6
Church, Synagogue, Chapel
Worship/Congregational 2.5 1.3
Preaching & Sermon/Choir 2.7 1.8
Dormitory
Bedroom 1.1 0.6
Bedroom with Study 1.4 1.3
Study Hall 1.8 0.9
Fire & Police Department
Fire Engine Room 0.7 0.7
Jail Cell 0.8 0.4
Hospital/Nursing Home
Corridor 1.3 0.9 b
Dental Suite/Exam/Treat 1.6 1.4
Emergency 2.3 2.0
Laboratory 1.9 1.7
Lounge/Waiting Room 0.9 0.6
Medical Supplies 2.4 2.4
Nursery 2.0 1.6
Nurse Station 2.1 1.8
Occu./Physical Therapy 1.6 1.4
Patient Room 1.4 0.9
Pharmacy 1.7 1.5
Radiology 2.1 1.8
Surgical & O.B. Suites
General Area 2.1 1.8
Operating Room 7.0 6.0
Recovery 2.3 2.0
Table 6-6b (continued)
System Performance Unit Lighting Power Allowance (UPD)
Specific Buildings
UPD UPD 1993
Area/Activity W/ft 2 W/ft 2 Note
Hotel/Conference Center
Banquet Room/Multipurpose 2.4 1.4 a
Bathroom/Powder Room 1.2 0.6
Guest Room 1.4 0.7
Public Area 1.2 0.8
Exhibition Hall 2.6 1.3
Conference/Meeting 1.8 1.5 a
Lobby 1.9 1.3
Reception Desk 2.4 2.4
Laundry
Washing 0.9 0.6
Ironing & Sorting 1.3 1.3
Museum & Gallery
General Exhibition 1.9 1.2
Inspection/Restoration 3.9 3.0
Storage (Artifacts)
Inactive 0.6 0.25
Active 0.7 0.5
Post Office
Lobby 1.1 0.8
Sorting & Mailing 2.1 2.1
Service Station/Auto Repair 1.0 0.8
Theater
Performance Arts 1.5 1.1
Motion Picture 1.0 0.75
Lobby 1.5 1.0
Retail Establishments (Merchandising & Circulation Area) Applicable to all lighting, including accent and
display lighting, installed in merchandising and circulation areas.
Type A 5.6 6.0 e
Type B 4.0 3.5 e
Type C 3.3 2.7 e
Type D 3.1 2.5 e
Type E 2.8 2.4 e
Mall Concourse 1.4 0.6
Retail Support Areas
Tailoring 2.1 2.1
Dressing/Fitting Rooms 1.4 1.1
Type F 2.7 2.7 e
Table 6-6c
System Performance Unit Lighting Power Allowance (UPD)
UPD UPD 1993
W/ft 2 W/ft 2 Note
Indoor Athletic Areas f
Seating Area, All Sports 0.4 0.4
Badminton
Club 0.5 0.5
Tournament 0.8 0.8
Basketball/Volleyball
Intramural 0.8 0.8
College 1.3 1.3
Professional 1.9 1.9
Bowling
Approach Area 0.5 0.5
Lanes 1.1 1.1
Boxing or Wrestling (platform)
Amateur 2.4 2.4
Professional 4.8 4.8
Gymnasium
General Exercising &
Recreation Only 1.0 1.0
Handball/Racquetball/Squash
Club 1.3 1.3
Tournament 2.6 2.6
Hockey, ice
Amateur 1.3 1.3
College or Professional 2.6 2.6
Skating Rink
Recreational 0.6 0.6
Exhibition/Professional 2.6 2.6
Swimming
Recreational 0.9 0.9
Exhibition 1.5 1.5
Underwater 1.0 1.0
Tennis
Recreational (Class III) 1.3 1.3
Club/College (Class II) 1.9 1.9
Professional (Class I) 2.6 2.6
Tennis, Table
Club 1.0 1.0
Tournament 1.6 1.6
Notes for Table 6-6:
a. A 1.5 adjustment factor is applicable for multi-functional spaces.
b. Area Factor of 1.0 shall be used for these spaces.
c. Base UPD includes lighting power required for cleanup purpose.
d. Area Factor shall not exceed 1.55.
e. See Article 3 Definitions for classification of Retail Establishments.
f. Area Factor of 1.0 shall be used for all indoor athletic spaces.
(Added by Ord. 94-75)
Article 7. (Reserved)
Revised Ordinances
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